TFiF: Bat part II

At first, I had already shown how far the bats could be in the future, both in forms and sizes, however, its diversity is not only based on strange, huge and derived forms. There are also the normal and common bats that in the future maybe don’t change a lot, but still, they could evolve in something really impressive.

During the rest of the Cenozoic, with the isolation of South America, Aaru (East Africa) and the climate change in Australia and Antarctic led to a new and strange diversity. The first small flying mammals which continued for what they are, evolved into new and varied forms in different ecological niches, changing in appearance, developing certain physical and behavioral to fit in their respective biomes.

Many of these genus and species appeared during the period Agresti (39 to 107 million years) after the later Quaternary extinction event (39 my after mankind) and some of them appear during the last years of the Cenozoic era, in the Crescgeon period (107-144 million years). At that time, some families of Microbats and all the Megabats became extinct by the abrupt changes and the main disaster in such event.

All the bats aren’t a scale, and if someone feels that they have long necks, it’s because for the way I make it. 

1. False lethal snouts (Arachnirhynus sp.)
An American species of bat, It has developed an interesting form of mimicry which let them to imitate the most venomous species of spiders to avoid certain predators like others mammals and birds. These bats have a leaf-shaped nose which is colored similar to the arachnid which are imitating, with four pairs of huge whiskers used to mimic the legs patterns. Most of them have a length of 5 to 7 cm and a wingspan of 12 to 15 cm. Species: A. latrodectoides (a) and A. loxoscelicus (b)

2. Dart bats (Pilotoxonis sp)
This unique genus of bats which inhabits the northern area of South America is characterized by being poisonous bats. They have used their diet to get the poison, feeding beetles of the melyridae family and obtaining the Batrachotoxin of them. Several of them to show their toxicity have developed different color patterns and spots ranging from yellows, reds and oranges, mainly as a warning against any predator. Most of them have a size of 6 cm of length and a wingspan of 20 cm. Species: P. cirromacularius (a) P. triatus (b) P. malevouvenatorus (c) and P. coccichromis. (d)

3. Combtooth bat (Folictenodon)
After the extinction of the megabats, some of its smallest relatives started to raid a lifestyle similar to them, evolving into a group which resembles them in some forms. Some of them became into specialized frugivorous, but only one became a folivore. The comb tooth is a specialized form of bat which passes most of its life around the tree canopies eating leafs and part of vegetal material. To digest the enormous amount of plant material, it uses a specialized stomach as fermentation chamber. It inhabits the forests of subcontinent Aaru. Despite owning a fairly quiet life style, this bat is still capable to do short flights to avoid predation or to mobilize into new areas. It’s maybe the biggest bat in this list with 70 cm long and a wingspan of 1.4 m.

_{Note: well, I must say, this species is not an original creation; it was inspired in a post of about future bat species that would evolve in the project Neocene, made by Pristichampsus, if there is some problem about property, gladly I can withdraw or change it.}

4. Copper puppet bat (Euryturpirhinus cuprinus)
This is an Australian species of bat which inhabits the arid areas of Australia. The structure of the face is the most remarkable thing about it; it has different grooves that give it an articulated aspect, a quite flat and with a pointed nose. The mouth is among several lobes of tissue that cover the mouth. They have a copper brown color skin with a lot of irregularities around the naked skin.

5. Octa-horned bat (Octoceratus acanthops)
An Asian species of bat which inhabits the zones around the goby desert and from its time, the eroded Tibetan Plateau. Is characterized by the prominent fin-like crest around the faces, four up, and four below. In the males are absent, but the females have the 8 crest fully developed. The reason for this is their mating behavior, the male to mate with the female, it must bite one of the crest and stay sharp to achieve copulation, if isn’t able to stay until it can copulate, it will show that it is incapable of reproducing with the female and she let him alone, but if he does the female will settle and let the end of the mating.

6. Feliptera (Ailuridon rubicundus)
The Feliptera is a predatory bat from New Zealand (product of a new interchange event, the original bats of this landmass are presumably extinct) which has evolved to prey birds of about 20 to 40 cm long. Like any other predator, this terrible bat has a strategy hunt that allows it to get a prey. When it manages to locate a prey in the air, this maintains a distance for a while before making suddenly flight moves to disorient the bird, then approaches, attack and kill it. For land species of little size, the Feliptera just fly and swoops over them. It has a wingspan of about 40 cm and a length of 8 cm.

7.  Deer-mouth bat (Cervarops sp)
This is a prominent genus of bat which inhabits all parts of the hyperborean continent (a conglomerate of Afro-Eurasian, North America and Australia), an insectivore of about 15 cm long and 45 cm wingspan.  Is one of the last of the great and prominent genus of bat, it lives in the period Crescgeon, between the 100 to 144 million years after mankind.  They are complete diurnal, spent most of its day flying for places to stay.

 8. Softsucker (Labibdella cochliphaga)
This species of African bat lives around the rainy forests specialized to eat gastropods. It has developed a specialized mouth that allows it to take the snails from their shells, creating a vacuum inside the shell that allowed it to take only the flesh of the mollusk.

9. Bumble ear bat (Pachipleuros crassifronts)
The facial structure of this bat is composed of a row of 3 lobes on the sides of the cheeks with a long, narrow chin. The reason for these strange protrusions is probably as extra sensors that allow the bat to capture better the sound waves. It has a length of 6 cm and a wingspan of 20 cm, inhabits the high areas of southern Africa.

 10. Sword nose bat (Ensinasus magnocornis)  
A strange species of European bat, show a strange cartilaginous nasal structure which uses as a weapon of fight. The specimens of this species when they fight remain on the top of a tree pushing each other, bumping the long noses until one of the rival’s falls from the branches.

11. Rudolph bat (Ballofronts erythrorhinus)
A species of high social skills, it has a big balloon-like nose which remains retracted and only inflates when they want to express. The nose is colored shade of red strong signs of health and status of the animal. This type is one of the few bats that live in groups with hierarchies, where there are alpha females and several males with completely colored noses, and several females and males lower-level with only almost gray nose. This belongs to some of the groups that evolved into the megabat-like forms, reaching lengths of up to 20 cm long and a wingspan of up to 60 cm.

12. Jet-nasal bat (Siphonasus baticusticus) 
A bat with a specialized nasal cavity, which allows it to focus and potentiate the range of the sonar beams as megaphone, but also, is able to regulate the intensity and frequency of the sonar through internal flesh valves, closing and opening to modify the sound.

13. Paradesmus sp.
This is one kind of “vampire bat”, but it aren’t descendants of the original South American vampire bats, are a genus that evolved convergently with them, in the jungles of around India and east Asia. With a size of 5 cm, it drinks the blood of its victims using similar methods to its American relatives, of the great mammals around. In case it needs to supplement its diet like minerals or nutrients, this bat can become into a hunter capable of attacking small vertebrates such as birds or mice to feed its flesh, but, rarely happens. It has a length of 5 cm and a wingspan of 20 cm.

14. Fu Manchu lipped bat (Oxylabis rohmery)
This particular bat is characterized by its prominent fleshy protuberances which are projecting from the sides of the upper jaw as elongated and pointy structures. It is an insectivore; it feeds mainly Lepidopterans, has a length of 10 cm, a wingspan of up to 30 cm and lives in the south part of Africa.

15. Sand-fisher (Ammovenatus sp.)
A desert dweller, it has developed a long and narrow jaw that allows it to hunt animals which move below the sand or that normally lives on it. This species spends much of his time flying over the areas to find small traces of its prey in the sand, usually not far from some oasis where to make their burrows and spend most of the night there. The skin and fur are colored with a white bone, which reflects much of the radiation to keep cool, and at the same time, is thick to withstand the cold nights. it has a length of 12 cm (including the head of 6 cm) and a wingspan of 25 cm.

16. Bottlenose bat (Tursiomimus sp.)

Many of the species described here so far, all live in the Cenozoic era, however, this species of  real bat, endemic the Antarctic continent, stands out from all others for being one of the last true bats that live beyond the Cenozoic. The bottlenose is a scavenger of about 10 cm long and 30 cm wingspan inhabitant of the temperate forests of the Antarctic Peninsula.

The point in time in which he lives this chiropteran is the Haemonova; the first period of the therozoic era, a new chapter of the life initiated after a devastating mass extinction that wiped out more than 80% of terrestrial life. With them, much of the bats died in such an event, leaving just a few survivors genus that later would represent the last part of this first kind of flying mammals on the earth.

17. Golden Monkey-faced bat (Chrysioderma ceberostrum)
And Indian frugivorous species is characterized by a nasal structure which is a flat semis-square nose. They are held during the day conglomerates in large colonies of thousands and leave overnight in dispersing large groups dispersed for tens of kilometers. One interesting thing is that this species has evolved a well-developed binocular vision, able to give the bat a wider field and more focused vision. This, along with the nasal structure that allows it to focus the sound, makes it an effective hunter, able to identify its prey with both eyes as the echolocation.

18. Flyanteater (Formicaesus sp.)
This South American bat has evolved to feed mainly on ants and other similar insect, his jaw became narrow, cone-shaped, with a huge and long tongue, it allows the animal to enter his snout at the entrances of anthills and capture its prey. Around the mouth and near the eyes, it have developed a bunch of hair that protects it from ants while it is eating, acting as a barrier that stops the ants to get close to any important part of the face.

19. Dark moon bat (Selenilophus sp.)
The most outstanding of mention of this species of bat is the strange fanlike crest of hair, protruding from the top of the head and that curves to the face which grows annually in males as an adornment to attract the opposite sex. After copulation, this crest ends up falling of the head, and in its place grows a little tuft which in a point grows again and become in a new ornament. It lives in Madagascar, had a lengh of about 5 cm long and a wingspan of 18 cm.

20. Shell breaker bat (Plateocephale fractostracus)
Another New Zealand bat species, which has developed a taste for eggs of medium-sized birds. Unlike their mainland relatives, this has developed a specialized dental structure to break or crush the boiled eggs with sharp incisors and rounded molars. It had a lengh of about 9 cm long and a wingspan of 24 cm.

21. Fanned false bulldog bat (Noctilimimus magnificus)
Despite having a similar appearance to the bulldog bats, this species evolve from a different clade apart of those ones.  Many of these forms are characterized by the enormous folds and ornamental tufts protruding from the head and serves to impress their relatives. In this case, the Fanned is one of the most prominents of all; it showed a great turf for the back of its head with an interesting combination of facial protuberances.  It lives among the foliage of forests in Indonesia, feeds mainly on insects but is able to hunt small vertebrates like frogs or lizards. Is 8 cm long and with a wingspan of 22 cm.

22. Nasal trumpet bat (Salpingixus halucinasus)

This aberrant bat has an interesting sexual dimorphism; the males develop hypertrophied nasal cavities which used to attract the attention of females during mating seasons. These hollow structures grow quickly in a couple of weeks and remain firm throughout the mating season. It lives in north part of Australia, and had a length of 7 cm and a wingspand of 26 cm.

23. Kosmos bat (Kosmotis allopinna)
Most bats that have been exposed have the characteristic of having ornaments based on fur and also in some areas of the facial skin; however the Kosmos has developed something completely different. These beings have merged their external ears creating a type of ear frill that used to intimidate. When it isn’t in use, this frill remains folded over the neck. They have a length of 9 to 12 cm and a wingspan of 30 cm and live in the tropical forests of Central African.

24. Box face bat (Capsellacephale sp.)
An interesting genus of bat which has a huge range extension from Eurasia, Africa and even North America, inhabits mainly between tropical and temperate zones, feeding insects and small vertebrates. The head turns out to be structured in an almost cubic shape with two semi spherical clefts in the middle of the face, which correspond to its nostrils.  It has a length of between 4 to 6 cm and a wingspan of 25 cm

25. Trisetalophus monochromatus
Another strange ornamented bat, it developed a strange crest of hair divided in 3 tufts which are short at the back of the head and grows vertically to the front.  It is an insectivore that can be found in Australia. It has a size of about 7 cm and a wingspan of about 25 cm.

26. Berry skinned bat (Coccusodermis rugosus)
The facial skin of the bat is covered with a huge amount of short cone-shaped protuberances, is a scavenger that feeds on the remains of large and medium size animals which it is capable of find. It has a size of about 20 cm and a wingspan of about 70 cm and lives in Aaru subcontinent.

27. Widechin bat (Magnospherignatus gymnomaxilaris)
This cute little chinned bat, lives around the forest of New Zealand. Is an active omnivorous, feeding different type of arthropods, mollusks and also fruits; the reason why has such a prominent chin is by the shape of the jaw, this is broad and huge, with two large incisors. Although his head is 3 cm in length, the force is strong enough to break shells or bones.
In total it have a body size of 11 cm and a wingspan of 32 cm.

28. Beaverteeth bat (Castorognathus incisivus)
It is a South American frugivorous species, which has developed a kind of big incisive, which uses to gnaw the hard nuts of some trees and get into the fruit flesh. Is in part diurnal, gregarious gathering in groups of dozens around the treetops, between the branches or in the trunk clefts. is very small, with only 5 cm long and with a wingspand of 20 cm.

29. Stick furflag crested bat (Herelophus altivillus)
Another ornamented bat with a strange long and narrow crest with two semicircular hair tufts, one stands in the middle and one at the tip. In males, the crests have a greater length and a brown coloration, while females are smaller and have less fur, with a grey coloration. An interesting behavior of this species is that to attract females, males make a type of dance in which he move his head in different ways, almost in a choreographic manner. This bat has a length of 6 cm with a wingspan of 35 cm and it lives in the more temperate parts of Europe.

30. Peach-nosed bat (Semicarpus gononasalis)
The nose of this species has evolve in a prominent swollen nose, which it produces certain flavors that together produce a smell like a fermented fruit. This is used to attract different types of insects like beetles or flies which are attracted, and then the bat captured them.

31. Uncannymorph (Horron simicephale)
This species has developed a weird look with primate like lips, a huge fleshy crest and protuberances around the face. Its anthropoid face has a series of red stripes that increase in tone depending on the age and mood; the nose have a horseshoe form which let it change the frequencies of the sound to focus in different ways. It lives in the central part of eurasia, and had a size of 12 cm and a wingspan of 33 cm.

32. Rattle-trunked bat (Crotalorhynus sp.)
This genus of North American bat is characterized by an unusual ornamental proboscis-like nose which uses like the rattle of the genus Crotalus, which when is moving it makes a sound of hiss. This characteristic nose is used as a form of disguise to any danger, simulating the sound of a rattlesnake and thus wards off any large predator. Inhabits the south part of North America, most of the arid or semiarid areas, is an insectivore of about 7 cm in length and a wingspan of 30 cm.

33. Harvestbat (Opilionomorphus nanocephalus)
This is probably one of the smallest bats ever lived, with a body of just 1 cm long, and with a wingspan of 9 cm. It inhabits the deep forest of Madagascar, always close to the canopy of the trees. It’s an insectivore, eating little insects like beetles, cockroaches and ants.

_{Note: I would make soon an appropriate classification of from which families belongs these genus and species in some point because they came from actual living groups of bats that would still alive after dozens of millions of years.}

_{The names and concepts would change in future updates.}